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Dr. Glaser's Visualization Center
To accompany Bruice, Organic Chemistry, 3/e, Chapter 3


Theme Molecule Name Chemical Formula
Structures of Alkenes limonene (S) CH3-C6H8-C3H5
Structures of Alkenes trans-dichloroethene (S) (E)- or trans-C2H2Cl2
Structures of Alkenes cis-dichloroethene (S) (Z)- or cis-C2H2Cl2
Structures of Alkenes trans-retinal (S) [a] (E)- or trans-C20H28O
Structures of Alkenes cis-retinal (S) [b] (Z)- or cis-C20H28O
Structures of Alkenes (E)-1-fluoro-2-chloropropene (S) (E)-CH3-CCl=CHF
Structures of Alkenes (Z)-1-fluoro-2-chloropropene (S) (Z)-CH3-CCl=CHF
Structures of Alkenes cyclopropene (S) C3H4
Structures of Alkenes cyclobutene (S) C4H6
Structures of Alkenes cyclopentene (S) C5H8
Structures of Alkenes cis-cyclooctene (S) C8H16
Structures of Alkenes trans-cyclooctene (S) C8H16
Solvation of Ions hydrated lithium cation (S) [Li(OH2)]4+
Mechanism of Electrophilic Addition trans-butene (S) CH3-CH=CH-CH3
Mechanism of Electrophilic Addition trans-butene, protonated (S) CH3-CH2-CH(+)-CH3
Mechanism of Electrophilic Addition 2-chlorobutane (S) CH3-CH2-CHCl-CH3
Stereochemistry of Electrophilic Addition 1-chloro-1-methylcyclohexane (S) -CCH3Cl-CH2-(CH2)4-
Stereochemistry of Electrophilic Addition 1-chloro-2-methylcyclohexane (S) -CCH3H-CHCl-(CH2)4-
Important Reagents diborane (S) (BH3)2

[a] The aldehyde (-HC=O) corresponding to the imine (-HC=N-opsin) metarhodopsin is shown.
[b] The aldehyde (-HC=O) corresponding to the imine (-HC=N-opsin) rhodopsin is showm.
[c] Some of the structures were determined using the quantum-mechanical ab initio method at the level RHF/6-31G* (limonene, hydrated lithium cation, protonated butene, and diborane) or semi-empirical theory and the AM1 parameterization (isomers of retinal).